Which term best describes a substance that triggers an allergic reaction?

Which term best describes a substance that triggers an allergic reaction?

• A. Irritant
• B. Sensitizer/Allergen
• C. Teratogen
• D. Mutagen

Answer: (B)

Allergic reactions are triggered by substances that act as allergens. A sensitizer, or allergen, is the substance that has the potential to induce an immune response in a person who becomes sensitized to it. After sensitization, subsequent exposures can provoke symptoms such as rash, swelling, or breathing difficulties. This is distinct from an irritant, which causes direct tissue irritation without involving the immune system; teratogens cause birth defects; mutagens cause changes in genetic material. Therefore, the term that best describes a substance that triggers an allergic reaction is sensitizer/allergen.

Allergic reactions are triggered by substances that act as allergens. A sensitizer, or allergen, is the substance that has the potential to induce an immune response in a person who becomes sensitized to it. After sensitization, subsequent exposures can provoke symptoms such as rash, swelling, or breathing difficulties. This is distinct from an irritant, which causes direct tissue irritation without involving the immune system; teratogens cause birth defects; mutagens cause changes in genetic material. Therefore, the term that best describes a substance that triggers an allergic reaction is sensitizer/allergen.